Synthetic Thymalin is a basic polypeptide made up of 38 amino acids residues. In Thymalin, the active component is a polypeptide, and the vehicle used is a combination of water-soluble salts. Thymalin acts through the thymus to restore the quantitative and qualitative capacities of T-cell lymphocytes. Studies have shown that this immunomodulator molecule does occur naturally in the thymus. Thymus is a specialized bilobed secondary lymphoid organ which is critical to the development of functionally active and self-tolerant T-cells which is also a component of the adaptive immune system. Studies have shown that the actions of the thymus are mediated by immunomodulators. The mature T-cells mediates the functions of the adaptive immune system. Loss (or sometimes complete absence) of the thymus before these population thresholds are reached results in DiGeorge Syndrome which is characterized by severe immunodeficiency. Thymalin is being researched further for the potential management of various cancers.
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